I. Rare Earth Zvigadzirwa Zviripachena Mukati meKudzora Chiyero
Maererano nezviziviso, iyo control system ikozvino inovharazvigadzirwa, zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira, zvakakosha zvekubatsira zvinhu, uye hunoenderana matekinoroji, sezvinotsanangurwa pasi apa:
- Rare Earth Raw Materials (Kunyanya Pakati uye Heavy Rare Earths):
•Chiziviso Nha. 18 (Chakashandiswa muna Kubvumbi 2025): Inodzora zvakajeka mhando 7 dzepasi uye zvinorema zvisingawanzo kugadzirwa uye zvigadzirwa zvawo.
•Chiziviso Nha. 57: Inoita zvidzoreso kunze kwenyika pane zvimwe zvinhu zvine chekuita nepasi zviri pakati nepakati uye zvinorema (seHolmium, Erbium, nezvimwewo).
- Rare Earth Production Equipment uye Ebetsero Zvishandiso:
•Chiziviso Nha. 56 (Kubva Mbudzi 8, 2025): Inoshandisa zvidzoreso kunze kwenyikazvimwe zvisingawanzo kugadzirwa midziyo yepasi uye zvekubatsira zvinhu.
- Rare Earth Related Technologies:
•Chiziviso Nha. 62 (Kubva Gumiguru 9, 2025): Inoshandisa zvidzoreso kunze kwenyikatekinoroji dzine chekuita nepasi dzisingawanzo(kusanganisira migodhi, kupatsanurwa kwekunyungudika, kunyunguduka kwesimbi, magineti ekugadzira matekinoroji, nezvimwewo) nevatakuri vavo.
- Zvigadzirwa Zvekune dzimwe nyika Zvine Dzinodzorwa Chinese Rare Earths ("Long-Arm Jurisdiction" Clause):
•Chiziviso Nha. 61 (Zvimwe zvikamu zvinotanga kushanda musi wa1 Zvita 2025): Zvinodzora zvinowedzera mhiri kwemakungwa. Kana zvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika nemabhizinesi ekunze zvine izvo zvambotaurwa zvinodzorwa zvisingawanzo zvinhu zvepasi zvinobva kuChina uyekukosha kwechiyero kunosvika 0.1%, vanofanirwawo kunyorera rezenisi rekunze kubva kuChina Ministry of Commerce.
| Chiziviso Nha. | Kupa Chiremera | Core Control Content | Zuva Rokuita |
| Nhamba 56 | Ministry of Commerce, GAC | Export controls pane zvimwe zvisingawanzo kugadzirwa zvepasi uye zvekubatsira zvinhu. | Mbudzi 8, 2025 |
| Nhamba 57 | Ministry of Commerce, GAC | Zvidzoreso kunze kwenyika pane zvimwe zvepakati uye zvinorema zvisingawanzo hukama nepasi (semuenzaniso, Holmium, Erbium, nezvimwewo). | Zvichienderana nekupihwa rezenisi kunze kwenyika |
| Nhamba 61 | Ministry of Commerce | Zvidzoro pazvinhu zvisingawanzo wanikwa zvepasi mhiri kwemakungwa, zvichiunza mitemo yakaita se "de minimis threshold" (0.1%). | Zvimwe zvikamu zvinoshanda kubva pazuva rechiziviso (Gumiguru 9, 2025), zvimwe kubva Zvita 1, 2025. |
| Nhamba 62 | Ministry of Commerce | Zvidzoreso kunze kwenyika pane isingawanzo enderana nepasi tekinoroji (semuenzaniso, migodhi, magineti yekugadzira zvinhu tech) nevatakuri vazvo. | Kushanda kubva pazuva rechiziviso (Gumiguru 9, 2025) |
II. Nezve "Exemption Lists" uye Zvigadzirwa Zvisiri Pasi peKudzora
Gwarohaitaure chero yakarongwa "Exemption List", asi inonongedza zvakajeka mamiriro anotevera asiri pasi pekutonga kana anogona kutumirwa kunze kwakajairika:
- Zviripachena Zvisingabatanidzi Zvigadzirwa Zvepasi:
•Gwaro racho rinotaura zvakajeka muchikamu che "Items Not Subject to Control":Zvigadzirwa zvepasi senge mota zvikamu, sensors, zvigadzirwa zvevatengi, nezvimwe, zviri pachena kuti hazvisi mukati meyero yekudzora.uye inogona kutengeswa kunze kwenyika maererano nemaitiro ekutengeserana nguva dzose.
•Core Criterion: Kunyangwe chigadzirwa chako chiriyakananga mbishi, midziyo yekugadzira, yekubatsira zvinhu, kana chaiyo tekinoroji. Kana chiri chigadzirwa chekupedzisira-chigadzirwa kana chikamu, chinogona kunge chichiwira kunze kwechiyero chekutonga.
- Kushandiswa Kwemutemo Kwevanhu Kunopera (Kwete "Kurambidzwa Kwekutengesa kunze"):
• Gwaro rinosimbisa kuti kutonga ndikokwete kurambidzwa kwekutengesa kunze. Zvekutumirwa kunze kwenyika zvikumbiro zvekushandisa zviri pamutemo zvevagari vemo, mushure mekutumira chikumbiro kune uye nekuongororwa nedhipatimendi rinokwanisa reMinistry of Commerce,mvumo ichapihwa.
• Izvi zvinoreva kuti kunyangwe kune zvinhu zviri mukati meiyo chiyero chekutonga, chero bedzi kushandiswa-kwazvo kuchiratidzwa kuve kwevanhu uye kunoenderana, uyekunze rezinesiinowanikwa zvinobudirira, inogona kutengeswa kunze kwenyika.
Pfupiso uye Mazano
| Category | Status | Key Points / Countermeasures |
| Pakati/Kurema Rare Earth Raw Materials & Zvigadzirwa | Controlled | Tarisa paZviziviso Nha. 18 uye Nha.57. |
| Rare Earth Production Equipment & Materials | Controlled | Tarisa paChiziviso Nhamba 56. |
| Rare Earth Related Technologies | Controlled | Tarisa paChiziviso Nhamba 62. |
| Kumhiri kwemakungwa Zvigadzirwa zvine Chinese RE (≥0.1%) | Controlled | Zivisa mhiri kwemakungwa vatengi/masubsidiary; tarisa Chiziviso Nhamba 61. |
| Zvigadzirwa zvepasi (motor, sensors, zvemagetsi zvevatengi, nezvimwewo) | Kwete Kudzorwa | Inogona kutumirwa kunze kwakajairika. |
| Kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kwezvinhu zvese zvinodzorwa | License Inoshanda | Nyorera kuMoFCOM kuti uwane rezinesi rekutengesa kunze; inotengeswa kunze kana yatenderwa. |
Core Recommenditions kwauri:
- Ziva Chikamu Chako: Chekutanga, tarisa kuti chigadzirwa chako ndechepamusoro pemvura yakabikwa / midziyo / tekinoroji kana zvigadzirwa zvakapera zvepasi pemvura. Iyo yekutanga ingangove yakanyanya kudzora, nepo iyo yekupedzisira kazhinji isingabatwe.
- Shandisa Proactively: Kana chigadzirwa chako chikawira mukati mechikamu chekutonga asi chiri chekushandiswa kwevanhuwo zvavo, nzira chete yekubuda nayo ndeyekunyorera rezinesi rekunze kubva kubazi reCommerce maererano ne "Export Control Law yePeople's Republic of China". Usatengese kunze usina rezinesi.
- Zivisa Vatengi Vako+
III.Muchidimbu, musimboti wepolicy yazvino ndeye"full-chain control" uye "rezinesi system", pane "kurambidzwa kwegumbeze". Iko hakuna yakatarwa "Exemption List"; kuregererwa kunoratidzwa mumvumo yerezenisi yekushandiswa kunoenderana nevagari vemo uye kusabatanidzwa zviri pachena kwezvigadzirwa zvepasi.
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-20-2025